{
  "aliases": null,
  "backlinks": null,
  "body": "\n## Statement\n\nLet $a \u003c b$, and let $f_n \\colon [a, b] \\to \\mathbb{R}$ be continuous functions with $f_n(x) \\le f_{n+1}(x)$ for all $n$ and all $x$.\nAssume that $(f_n)$ converges [[pointwise|056FSKG32J]] to a continuous function $f$ on $[a, b]$.\nThen $(f_n)$ converges [[uniformly|08FPABDQ4C]] to $f$ on $[a, b]$.\n\n## Remarks\n\nThe same holds for decreasing sequences, and for any compact space in place of $[a, b]$.\nOne proof uses the [[Bolzano–Weierstrass theorem|0KDJD249DT]]. Another uses the open sets $\\{x : f(x) - f_n(x) \u003c \\varepsilon\\}$, which increase and cover $[a, b]$.\nAll hypotheses are needed. The sequence $x^n$ on $[0, 1]$ is monotone, but its limit is not continuous. Mathlib states a version as `Monotone.tendstoLocallyUniformly_of_forall_tendsto`.\n\n## History\n\nThe theorem is named after Ulisse Dini. He gave the first version in an 1878 book on real functions, printed in Pisa.\n\n## Explanations\n\n### L1 human\n\nIf continuous functions increase to a continuous limit on a closed bounded interval, they get close to it everywhere at once.\nMonotonicity and compactness rule out the bad behavior of examples such as $x^n$.\n",
  "commit": "6ac761d40018146541484a9e8b9eafd6ecc303dc",
  "front": {
    "kind": "statement",
    "msc": [
      "40A30"
    ],
    "name": "Dini's theorem",
    "role": "theorem",
    "same_as": {
      "wikidata": "Q595466",
      "wikipedia": "Dini's theorem"
    },
    "sources": [
      {
        "locator": "Formal statement",
        "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dini%27s_theorem"
      }
    ],
    "tag": "0XRRYF1HPE",
    "uses": [
      "056FSKG32J",
      "08FPABDQ4C",
      "0KDJD249DT"
    ]
  },
  "kind": "statement",
  "link": "https://math2.tamnd.com/node/0XRRYF1HPE/",
  "links": [
    {
      "field": "uses",
      "target": "056FSKG32J"
    },
    {
      "field": "uses",
      "target": "08FPABDQ4C"
    },
    {
      "field": "uses",
      "target": "0KDJD249DT"
    }
  ],
  "markdown": "https://math2.tamnd.com/node/0XRRYF1HPE.md",
  "msc": [
    "40A30"
  ],
  "name": "Dini's theorem",
  "prov": null,
  "role": "theorem",
  "source": "https://github.com/tamnd/math2/blob/main/nodes/0XR/0XRRYF1HPE.md",
  "status": null,
  "tag": "0XRRYF1HPE",
  "uri": "m2://0XRRYF1HPE",
  "url": "https://math2.tamnd.com/wiki/dinis-theorem/",
  "writing": {
    "tag": "0XRRYF1HPE",
    "kind": "statement",
    "level": "W1",
    "next": [
      {
        "what": "edge about out",
        "note": "the concepts that the statement is about",
        "have": 0,
        "want": 1
      },
      {
        "what": "edge proves in",
        "note": "at least one proof node",
        "have": 0,
        "want": 1
      },
      {
        "what": "edge instance_of or illustrates in",
        "note": "one example that shows the statement at work",
        "have": 0,
        "want": 1
      },
      {
        "what": "explanation L2",
        "have": 0,
        "want": 1
      }
    ]
  }
}
