{
  "aliases": null,
  "backlinks": null,
  "body": "\n## Definition\n\nLet $D$ be a domain of objects, and let $A$, $B$ and $P(x)$ be statements about $D$.\nThe *Brouwer–Heyting–Kolmogorov interpretation* says what a proof of a compound statement is, by these clauses.\n\n1. A proof of $A \\wedge B$ is a pair $(a, b)$, where $a$ is a proof of $A$ and $b$ is a proof of $B$.\n2. A proof of $A \\vee B$ is a pair $(i, c)$ with $i \\in \\set{0, 1}$. If $i = 0$, then $c$ is a proof of $A$. If $i = 1$, then $c$ is a proof of $B$.\n3. A proof of $A \\to B$ is a construction that transforms each proof of $A$ into a proof of $B$.\n4. There is no proof of the absurdity $\\bot$.\n5. A proof of $\\neg A$ is a proof of $A \\to \\bot$.\n6. A proof of $\\forall x\\, P(x)$ is a construction that transforms each $d \\in D$ into a proof of $P(d)$.\n7. A proof of $\\exists x\\, P(x)$ is a pair $(d, p)$, where $d \\in D$ and $p$ is a proof of $P(d)$.\n\nThese clauses give the meaning of [[conjunction|0M28ASWG8T]], [[disjunction|0H5GKDTB01]], [[implication|0ZNX6DQ3EJ]], [[negation|0XR7A7RSXB]], the [[universal quantifier|0B88PQTJ66]] and the [[existential quantifier|0JW2FHW7G3]] in [[intuitionistic logic|Q11N8X99FK]].\n\n## Remarks\n\nExample: $A \\to \\neg \\neg A$ has a BHK proof.\nGiven a proof $a$ of $A$, the construction $f \\mapsto f(a)$ sends each proof $f$ of $\\neg A$ to a proof of $\\bot$, so it is a proof of $\\neg \\neg A$.\nNon-example: there is no known BHK proof of $\\neg \\neg A \\to A$ for all $A$, because a proof of $\\neg \\neg A$ gives no construction of a proof of $A$.\nThe notion of \"construction\" is left informal.\nKleene's realizability reads it as a computable function, and the Curry–Howard correspondence reads it as a typed lambda term.\n",
  "commit": "547b6eddb8f2feb8d579f2d633d22a27b7e132fc",
  "front": {
    "defines": "7B53ZGXXEQ",
    "kind": "definition",
    "msc": [
      "03F55",
      "03B20"
    ],
    "name": "Brouwer–Heyting–Kolmogorov interpretation",
    "sources": [
      {
        "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brouwer–Heyting–Kolmogorov_interpretation"
      }
    ],
    "tag": "1VFH9WT1RZ",
    "uses": [
      "Q11N8X99FK",
      "G958EQ8CWW",
      "0M28ASWG8T",
      "0H5GKDTB01",
      "0ZNX6DQ3EJ",
      "0XR7A7RSXB",
      "0B88PQTJ66",
      "0JW2FHW7G3"
    ]
  },
  "kind": "definition",
  "link": "https://math2.tamnd.com/node/1VFH9WT1RZ/",
  "links": [
    {
      "field": "defines",
      "target": "7B53ZGXXEQ"
    },
    {
      "field": "uses",
      "target": "Q11N8X99FK"
    },
    {
      "field": "uses",
      "target": "G958EQ8CWW"
    },
    {
      "field": "uses",
      "target": "0M28ASWG8T"
    },
    {
      "field": "uses",
      "target": "0H5GKDTB01"
    },
    {
      "field": "uses",
      "target": "0ZNX6DQ3EJ"
    },
    {
      "field": "uses",
      "target": "0XR7A7RSXB"
    },
    {
      "field": "uses",
      "target": "0B88PQTJ66"
    },
    {
      "field": "uses",
      "target": "0JW2FHW7G3"
    }
  ],
  "markdown": "https://math2.tamnd.com/node/1VFH9WT1RZ.md",
  "msc": [
    "03F55",
    "03B20"
  ],
  "name": "Brouwer–Heyting–Kolmogorov interpretation",
  "prov": null,
  "role": "",
  "source": "https://github.com/tamnd/math2/blob/main/nodes/1VF/1VFH9WT1RZ.md",
  "status": null,
  "tag": "1VFH9WT1RZ",
  "uri": "m2://1VFH9WT1RZ",
  "url": "https://math2.tamnd.com/wiki/brouwer-heyting-kolmogorov-interpretation-definition/",
  "writing": {
    "tag": "1VFH9WT1RZ",
    "kind": "definition",
    "level": "W0",
    "next": [
      {
        "what": "a source with a locator",
        "have": 0,
        "want": 1
      }
    ]
  }
}
