{
  "aliases": null,
  "backlinks": [
    {
      "field": "defines",
      "target": "S8FJ6X8PRN"
    }
  ],
  "body": "\n## Summary\n\nThe Toda bracket is a secondary composition operation on homotopy classes of maps.\nIt takes three maps $f$, $g$, $h$ such that $g \\circ f$ and $h \\circ g$ are null-homotopic.\nIt produces a set of maps out of the suspension of the source of $f$.\nToda introduced it to compute the [[homotopy groups of spheres|YD6VAXXSBM]].\nIt remains a basic tool for finding relations in the [[stable homotopy groups of spheres|HGZAYPQBXW]].\n\n## Explanations\n\n### L1 human\n\nIf $g \\circ f$ is homotopic to a constant map, there is a homotopy that witnesses this.\nIf also $h \\circ g$ is null, there is a second witnessing homotopy.\nComparing the two witnesses for the triple composite $h \\circ g \\circ f$ gives a loop of maps, and this loop is a map out of a suspension.\nThe Toda bracket is the set of all maps that arise from such choices.\nFor example, in the stable homotopy groups of spheres the bracket $\\langle 2, \\eta, 2 \\rangle$ is the single element $\\eta^2$, where $\\eta$ is the stable Hopf map.\n",
  "commit": "547b6eddb8f2feb8d579f2d633d22a27b7e132fc",
  "front": {
    "kind": "concept",
    "msc": [
      "55Q35",
      "55Q45"
    ],
    "name": "Toda bracket",
    "same_as": {
      "wikidata": "Q7812118",
      "wikipedia": "Toda bracket"
    },
    "sources": [
      {
        "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toda_bracket"
      }
    ],
    "tag": "30K7VF7QBB"
  },
  "kind": "concept",
  "link": "https://math2.tamnd.com/node/30K7VF7QBB/",
  "links": null,
  "markdown": "https://math2.tamnd.com/node/30K7VF7QBB.md",
  "msc": [
    "55Q35",
    "55Q45"
  ],
  "name": "Toda bracket",
  "prov": null,
  "role": "",
  "source": "https://github.com/tamnd/math2/blob/main/nodes/30K/30K7VF7QBB.md",
  "status": null,
  "tag": "30K7VF7QBB",
  "uri": "m2://30K7VF7QBB",
  "url": "https://math2.tamnd.com/wiki/toda-bracket/",
  "writing": {
    "tag": "30K7VF7QBB",
    "kind": "concept",
    "level": "W0",
    "next": [
      {
        "what": "an inventory row",
        "note": "the row of the inventory that the node accounts for",
        "have": 0,
        "want": 1
      },
      {
        "what": "a source with a locator",
        "have": 0,
        "want": 1
      }
    ]
  }
}
