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  "body": "\n## Summary\n\nChern–Simons theory is a gauge theory on $3$-manifolds whose action is the Chern–Simons functional of a connection.\nThe functional does not use a metric, so the quantum theory is a [[topological quantum field theory|DAP92B80J2]].\nWitten showed in 1989 that its expectation values of Wilson loops give the [[Jones polynomial|4SPC17FPXE]].\nIts partition functions give new invariants of [[3-manifolds|R20TB2KEQQ]], the [[quantum invariants|YGPR4VR3GP]].\nIts classical solutions are the flat connections, which link it with representations of fundamental groups and with the [[Casson invariant|33GY6P5A4T]].\n\n## Explanations\n\n### L1 human\n\nChern–Simons theory is a physical theory of fields on a $3$-dimensional space that does not care about lengths or angles, only about shape.\nBecause of that, the numbers it produces are invariants of the space and of knots inside it.\nIts most famous output is the Jones polynomial of a knot, which was first found by quite different methods.\nIt is a meeting point of knot theory, topology and quantum physics.\n",
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