Math 2.0

Proposition

Ramanujan's identity

Statement

Srinivasa Ramanujan gave the identity

  1ψ1[ab;q,z]=∑n=−∞∞(a;q)n(b;q)nzn=(b/a,q,q/az,az;q)∞(b,b/az,q/a,z;q)∞\;_1\psi_1 \left[\begin{matrix} a \\ b \end{matrix} ; q,z \right] = \sum_{n=-\infty}^\infty \frac {(a;q)_n} {(b;q)_n} z^n = \frac {(b/a,q,q/az,az;q)_\infty } {(b,b/az,q/a,z;q)_\infty}

valid for |q| < 1 and |b/a| < |z| < 1. Similar identities for   6ψ6\;_6\psi_6 have been given by Bailey. Such identities can be understood to be generalizations of the Jacobi triple product theorem, which can be written using q-series as

∑n=−∞∞qn(n+1)/2zn=(q;q)∞  (−1/z;q)∞  (−zq;q)∞.\sum_{n=-\infty}^\infty q^{n(n+1)/2}z^n = (q;q)_\infty \; (-1/z;q)_\infty \; (-zq;q)_\infty.

Gwynneth Coogan and Ken Ono give a related formal power series

A(z;q)=def11+z∑n=0∞(z;q)n(−zq;q)nzn=∑n=0∞(−1)nz2nqn2.A(z;q) \stackrel{\rm{def}}{=} \frac{1}{1+z} \sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{(z;q)_n}{(-zq;q)_n}z^n = \sum_{n=0}^\infty (-1)^n z^{2n} q^{n^2}.

Further reading

  1. Wikipedia, page 2233526, revision 1333830348, Basic hypergeometric series, section Ramanujan's identity. adopted
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