Math 2.0

K-theory Definition

Bloch group

Builds on Free abelian groupExterior algebraGroup of units of a ring

Definition

Let FF be a field. Let ℤ[F]\mathbb{Z}[F] be the free abelian group on symbols [x][x] for x∈F∖{0,1}x \in F \setminus \{0, 1\}. The pre-Bloch group 𝒫(F)\mathcal{P}(F) is the quotient of ℤ[F]\mathbb{Z}[F] by the subgroup generated by the five-term elements [x]−[y]+[yx]−[1−x−11−y−1]+[1−x1−y][x] - [y] + \Big[\frac{y}{x}\Big] - \Big[\frac{1 - x^{-1}}{1 - y^{-1}}\Big] + \Big[\frac{1 - x}{1 - y}\Big] for all x,y∈F∖{0,1}x, y \in F \setminus \{0, 1\} with x≠yx \ne y. Let Λℤ2F×\Lambda^2_\Z F^\times be the second exterior power over ℤ\Z of the unit group F×F^\times, written additively. The map δ ⁣:𝒫(F)→Λℤ2F×\delta \colon \mathcal{P}(F) \to \Lambda^2_\Z F^\times, [x]↦x∧(1−x)[x] \mapsto x \wedge (1 - x), is a well-defined homomorphism. The Bloch group of FF is its kernel: ℬ(F)=ker⁡(δ ⁣:𝒫(F)→Λℤ2F×).\mathcal{B}(F) = \ker\big(\delta \colon \mathcal{P}(F) \to \Lambda^2_\Z F^\times\big).

Remarks

For x≠yx \ne y in F∖{0,1}F \setminus \{0, 1\}, all five arguments lie in F∖{0,1}F \setminus \{0, 1\}, so the five-term elements make sense.

Example: for every x∈F∖{0,1}x \in F \setminus \{0, 1\}, the element [x]+[1−x][x] + [1 - x] lies in ℬ(F)\mathcal{B}(F). Indeed δ([x]+[1−x])=x∧(1−x)+(1−x)∧x=0\delta([x] + [1 - x]) = x \wedge (1 - x) + (1 - x) \wedge x = 0.

Non-example: in 𝒫(ℚ)\mathcal{P}(\Q) the element [3][3] is not in ℬ(ℚ)\mathcal{B}(\Q). Its image is 3∧(−2)=3∧(−1)+3∧23 \wedge (-2) = 3 \wedge (-1) + 3 \wedge 2, and 3∧2≠03 \wedge 2 \ne 0 in Λℤ2ℚ×\Lambda^2_\Z \Q^\times, because 33 and 22 are independent in the free part of ℚ×\Q^\times.

For F=ℂF = \C, the Bloch–Wigner function DD satisfies the five-term relation and D(x)+D(1−x)=0D(x) + D(1 - x) = 0, so it induces a homomorphism 𝒫(ℂ)→ℝ\mathcal{P}(\C) \to \R, and in particular one on ℬ(ℂ)\mathcal{B}(\C).

Reading path

To understand this page from the ground up, read these 4 pages in order. The foundations come first.

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  1. Exterior algebra concept
  2. Free abelian group concept
  3. Group of units of a ring concept
  4. Bloch group definition

Further reading

  1. Web https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloch_group
About this page
TagTVXZ8SDD7R
URIm2://TVXZ8SDD7R
Kinddefinition
WritingW0 stub
MSC19D45, 11G55, 19F27
DefinesBloch group
UsesFree abelian group, Exterior algebra, Group of units of a ring
Changed3 November 2026

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