Math 2.0

Mathematical logic and foundations Definition

Generic filter

Builds on Partial order

Definition

Let (P,≤)(P, \le) be a partial order, and let MM be a set or class. A subset D⊆PD \subseteq P is dense if for every p∈Pp \in P there is q∈Dq \in D with q≤pq \le p. A subset G⊆PG \subseteq P is a filter if:

  1. GG is nonempty.
  2. If p∈Gp \in G and p≤qp \le q, then q∈Gq \in G.
  3. If p,q∈Gp, q \in G, then there is r∈Gr \in G with r≤pr \le p and r≤qr \le q.

A filter GG is generic over MM, or MM-generic, if G∩D≠∅G \cap D \neq \emptyset for every dense set D⊆PD \subseteq P with D∈MD \in M.

Remarks

If PP has a least element 00, then G=PG = P is generic over every MM: each dense set DD contains some q≤0q \le 0, so 0∈D0 \in D. Non-example: let PP be the set of finite partial functions from ω\omega to {0,1}\set{0, 1}, ordered by reverse inclusion. Let MM be a transitive model of ZFC with P∈MP \in M, and let G∈MG \in M be a filter. The set D=P∖GD = P \setminus G is in MM, and it is dense. Given pp, pick n∉dom⁡pn \notin \operatorname{dom} p, and extend pp at nn by a value that disagrees with ⋃G\bigcup G at nn, or by any value if ⋃G\bigcup G is undefined at nn. So G∩D=∅G \cap D = \emptyset, and GG is not generic over MM. If MM is countable, the Rasiowa–Sikorski lemma gives, for each p∈Pp \in P, a generic filter over MM that contains pp. Some authors also allow open dense sets or maximal antichains in the definition; these give the same notion of genericity.

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Further reading

  1. Web https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generic_filter
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DefinesGeneric filter
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Changed2 November 2026

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