Math 2.0

Manifolds and cell complexes Theorem

Giroux correspondence

Builds on Contact manifold3-manifold

Statement

Let MM be a closed oriented 33-manifold. An open book decomposition of MM is a pair (B,π)(B, \pi) of the following kind. The binding B⊂MB \subset M is an oriented link, and π ⁣:M∖B→S1\pi \colon M \setminus B \to S^1 is a fibration. Each fiber π−1(θ)\pi^{-1}(\theta) is the interior of a compact surface Σθ\Sigma_\theta, a page, with oriented boundary ∂Σθ=B\partial \Sigma_\theta = B. A cooriented positive contact structure ξ\xi on MM is supported by (B,π)(B, \pi) if ξ=ker⁡α\xi = \ker \alpha for some contact form α\alpha with two properties. The form α\alpha is positive on the oriented binding BB, and dαd\alpha is a positive area form on each page. Then:

  1. Every open book decomposition of MM supports a contact structure, and any two contact structures supported by the same open book are isotopic.
  2. Every positive contact structure on MM is supported by some open book decomposition.
  3. Two open book decompositions support isotopic contact structures if and only if they become isotopic after finitely many positive stabilizations of each.

So supporting gives a bijection between two sets. The first is the set of positive contact structures on MM up to isotopy. The second is the set of open books of MM up to isotopy and positive stabilization.

Remarks

Part 1, the existence, goes back to Thurston and Winkelnkemper; Giroux proved the uniqueness and parts 2 and 3. The proof of part 2 builds a contact cell decomposition of MM and uses a ribbon of its Legendrian 11-skeleton as a page. A positive stabilization of an open book adds a 11-handle to the page and composes the monodromy with a positive Dehn twist along a curve crossing the new handle once.

Example: the open book of S3S^3 whose binding is an unknot and whose pages are discs supports the standard tight contact structure of S3S^3. The open book with annulus pages and monodromy a negative Dehn twist about the core supports an overtwisted contact structure on S3S^3.

Going deeper

For a student

The correspondence lets one study contact 33-manifolds through the monodromy of an open book, an element of the mapping class group of the page. For example, a contact structure is Stein fillable exactly when it is supported by some open book whose monodromy is a product of positive Dehn twists. This is due to work of Giroux, of Loi and Piergallini, and of Akbulut and Ozbagci. It also gives a route from contact structures to Heegaard Floer invariants, through the contact invariant of Ozsváth and Szabó.

Reading path

To understand this page from the ground up, read these 3 pages in order. The foundations come first.

Show the path as a graph
Each page uses the pages above it. The colour of the bar on a box shows how strong the evidence is, and the box also gives it as text. The list has the same pages.
  • no evidence level
  1. 3-manifold concept
  2. Contact manifold concept
  3. Giroux correspondence statement

Further reading

  1. Web https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_book_decomposition
About this page
Tag1HTW0F4ZZ7
URIm2://1HTW0F4ZZ7
Kindstatement, theorem
WritingW0 stub
MSC57K33, 53D10
StatusThis copy of the site has no build data. Run m2 status 1HTW0F4ZZ7.
AboutContact manifold
UsesContact manifold, 3-manifold
Changed2 November 2026

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