Math 2.0

General algebraic systems Definition

Lattice of clones

Builds on CloneProjection operationComplete lattice

Definition

Let AA be a nonempty set and let ℒA\mathcal{L}_A be the set of all clones on AA. The lattice of clones on AA is the partially ordered set (ℒA,⊆)(\mathcal{L}_A, \subseteq). For a family (Ci)i∈I(C_i)_{i \in I} of clones, its meet is ⋂i∈ICi\bigcap_{i \in I} C_i and its join is the clone generated by ⋃i∈ICi\bigcup_{i \in I} C_i.

Remarks

The intersection of clones is a clone, since each clause of the definition of a clone is kept under intersections, so ℒA\mathcal{L}_A is a complete lattice. Example: on {0,1}\set{0, 1}, the meet of the clones generated by ∧\wedge and by ∨\vee is the clone of projections. Their join is the clone of all monotone operations that preserve both 00 and 11. Check for the meet: the members of the first clone are the meets xi1∧⋯∧xikx_{i_1} \wedge \cdots \wedge x_{i_k}, and those of the second are joins. A meet of k≥2k \ge 2 distinct variables differs from every join on some input, so only projections are in both. Non-example: the join is not the union in general. On {0,1}\set{0, 1}, the union of the clones generated by ∧\wedge and by ∨\vee is not a clone, since it misses the majority operation (x∧y)∨(y∧z)∨(x∧z)(x \wedge y) \vee (y \wedge z) \vee (x \wedge z), which lies in their join. The lattice of clones on any set is an algebraic lattice whose compact elements are the finitely generated clones.

Reading path

To understand this page from the ground up, read these 4 pages in order. The foundations come first.

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  1. Clone concept
  2. Complete lattice concept
  3. Projection operation concept
  4. Lattice of clones definition

Further reading

  1. Web https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clone_(algebra)
About this page
Tag73DXSAH73B
URIm2://73DXSAH73B
Kinddefinition
WritingW0 stub
MSC08A40, 06B23
DefinesLattice of clones
UsesClone, Projection operation, Complete lattice
Changed2 November 2026

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