Monin–Obukhov similarity theory

Summary

Monin–Obukhov similarity theory describes the mean wind and temperature profiles in the surface layer of the planetary boundary layer. It covers neutral conditions as well as air that is heated or cooled from below. It asserts that the vertical gradients, scaled by the surface fluxes, depend on height only through $z / L$. Here $L$ is the Obukhov length. It extends the logarithmic law of the wall to stratified conditions and is used in nearly all weather and climate models to compute surface fluxes.