Math 2.0

Group theory and generalizations Definition

Self-distributive operation

Builds on SetBinary operationDistributive property

Definition

Let XX be a set and let ∗* be a binary operation on XX. The operation ∗* is left self-distributive if x∗(y∗z)=(x∗y)∗(x∗z)for all x,y,z∈X.x * (y * z) = (x * y) * (x * z) \quad \text{for all } x, y, z \in X. It is right self-distributive if (y∗z)∗x=(y∗x)∗(z∗x)for all x,y,z∈X.(y * z) * x = (y * x) * (z * x) \quad \text{for all } x, y, z \in X. It is self-distributive if it is left or right self-distributive, as fixed by the context, and in other texts if it is both.

Remarks

Left self-distributivity says that ∗* has the distributive property over itself from the left. Equivalently, each left translation Lx ⁣:y↦x∗yL_x \colon y \mapsto x * y is an endomorphism of (X,∗)(X, *).

Example: on ℤ\Z let x∗y=2x−yx * y = 2x - y. Then x∗(y∗z)=2x−(2y−z)=2x−2y+zx * (y * z) = 2x - (2y - z) = 2x - 2y + z and (x∗y)∗(x∗z)=2(2x−y)−(2x−z)=2x−2y+z(x * y) * (x * z) = 2(2x - y) - (2x - z) = 2x - 2y + z, so ∗* is left self-distributive.

Example: in a group, x∗y=xyx−1x * y = x y x^{-1} is left self-distributive, since both sides equal xyzy−1x−1x y z y^{-1} x^{-1}.

Non-example: addition on ℤ\Z. Here x+(y+z)=x+y+zx + (y + z) = x + y + z while (x+y)+(x+z)=2x+y+z(x + y) + (x + z) = 2x + y + z, which differ when x≠0x \ne 0.

Reading path

To understand this page from the ground up, read these 5 pages in order. The foundations come first.

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  1. Binary operation concept
  2. Distributive property concept
  3. Element definition
  4. Set definition
  5. Self-distributive operation definition

Further reading

  1. Web https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributive_property
About this page
TagFNJC21BM1B
URIm2://FNJC21BM1B
Kinddefinition
WritingW0 stub
MSC20N02, 08A62
DefinesSelf-distributive operation
UsesSet, Binary operation, Distributive property
Changed2 November 2026

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