Math 2.0

General topology Definition

Topology of uniform convergence

Builds on Metric spaceMetric topologyUniform convergenceSubspace topology

Definition

Let XX be a set, let (Y,d)(Y, d) be a metric space, and let YXY^X be the set of all maps from XX to YY. The uniform metric on YXY^X is dˉ(f,g)=sup⁡x∈Xmin⁡(d(f(x),g(x)),1).\bar d(f, g) = \sup_{x \in X} \min\bigl(d(f(x), g(x)), 1\bigr). The topology of uniform convergence on YXY^X is the metric topology of dˉ\bar d. On a subset of YXY^X, it is the subspace topology.

Remarks

The cut-off at 11 makes dˉ\bar d finite even for unbounded maps; it does not change which sequences converge. A sequence (fn)(f_n) converges to ff in this topology if and only if fn→ff_n \to f uniformly on XX. On bounded maps, the sup metric sup⁡xd(f(x),g(x))\sup_x d(f(x), g(x)) gives the same topology. If (Y,d)(Y, d) is complete, then (YX,dˉ)(Y^X, \bar d) is complete. If XX is a topological space, the set C(X,Y)C(X, Y) of continuous maps is closed in YXY^X, since a uniform limit of continuous maps is continuous.

Example: on ℝ[0,1]\R^{[0, 1]}, let fn(x)=x/nf_n(x) = x / n. Then dˉ(fn,0)≤1/n\bar d(f_n, 0) \le 1/n, so fn→0f_n \to 0 in this topology.

Non-example: let fn(x)=xnf_n(x) = x^n on X=[0,1)X = [0, 1) and Y=ℝY = \R. Then fn→0f_n \to 0 pointwise, but dˉ(fn,0)=1\bar d(f_n, 0) = 1 for every nn, since xnx^n takes values close to 11 near x=1x = 1. So (fn)(f_n) converges in the topology of pointwise convergence, but not in the topology of uniform convergence.

Reading path

To understand this page from the ground up, read these 5 pages in order. The foundations come first.

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Each page uses the pages above it. The colour of the bar on a box shows how strong the evidence is, and the box also gives it as text. The list has the same pages.
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  1. Metric space concept
  2. Metric topology concept
  3. Subspace topology concept
  4. Uniform convergence concept
  5. Topology of uniform convergence definition

Further reading

  1. Web https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_convergence
About this page
TagQ2WXAR0PXW
URIm2://Q2WXAR0PXW
Kinddefinition
WritingW0 stub
MSC54C35, 54E35
DefinesTopology of uniform convergence
UsesMetric space, Metric topology, Uniform convergence, Subspace topology
Changed2 November 2026

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