Math 2.0

Combinatorics Definition

k-vertex-connected graph

Builds on GraphConnected graphInduced subgraph

Definition

Let kk be a positive integer and let G=(V,E)G = (V, E) be a finite graph. The graph GG is kk-vertex-connected, or kk-connected, if:

  1. VV has more than kk elements.
  2. For each set X⊆VX \subseteq V with fewer than kk elements, the induced subgraph G−XG - X on V∖XV \setminus X is connected.

The vertex connectivity κ(G)\kappa(G) is the largest integer kk such that GG is kk-connected, and κ(G)=0\kappa(G) = 0 if there is no such kk.

Remarks

A graph is 11-connected if and only if it is connected and has at least 22 vertices. A kk-connected graph is also jj-connected for each j≤kj \le k. Example: the cycle graph CnC_n with n≥3n \ge 3 is 22-connected: it has n>2n > 2 vertices, and removing one vertex leaves a path, which is connected. It is not 33-connected, since removing two non-adjacent vertices disconnects it when n≥4n \ge 4, and C3C_3 has only 33 vertices. Non-example: a tree with at least 33 vertices is not 22-connected, because removing a vertex that is not a leaf disconnects it. The complete graph KnK_n has κ(Kn)=n−1\kappa(K_n) = n - 1; clause 1 is what prevents it from being nn-connected. Every kk-connected graph has minimum degree at least kk.

Reading path

To understand this page from the ground up, read these 7 pages in order. The foundations come first.

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Each page uses the pages above it. The colour of the bar on a box shows how strong the evidence is, and the box also gives it as text. The list has the same pages.
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  1. Graph definition
  2. Subgraph definition
  3. Walk definition
  4. Induced subgraph definition
  5. Reachability definition
  6. Connected graph definition
  7. k-vertex-connected graph definition

Further reading

  1. Web https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertex_connectivity
About this page
TagJJN72VZCZE
URIm2://JJN72VZCZE
Kinddefinition
WritingW0 stub
MSC05C40
Definesk-vertex-connected graph
UsesGraph, Connected graph, Induced subgraph
Changed2 November 2026

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