Math 2.0

statement theorem

Open connected subsets of R^n are path-connected

Statement

Let n≥1n \ge 1 and let U⊆RnU \subseteq \mathbb{R}^n be open and connected, for the Euclidean topology. Then UU is path-connected or empty.

Remarks

Proof: fix x∈Ux \in U, and let PP be the set of points of UU that a path in UU joins to xx. Each open ball in UU is convex, so PP and U∖PU \setminus P are both open. As UU is connected and x∈Px \in P, we get P=UP = U. The proof works in each locally path-connected space, for example in each open subset of a normed space. In fact, any two points of UU can be joined by a path made of finitely many line segments.

Explanations

L1 human

For open sets in Rn\mathbb{R}^n, being in one piece and being walkable are the same. The bad behaviour of the topologist's sine curve cannot happen in an open set, because each point has a small ball around it.

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Sources

  1. Web https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connected_space, Path connectedness