Math 2.0

Group theory and generalizations Definition

Schreier coset graph

Builds on GroupSubgroupRight cosetDirected graph

Definition

Let GG be a group, let HH be a subgroup of GG, and let SS be a subset of GG. The Schreier coset graph of (G,H,S)(G, H, S) is the directed graph with labelled edges such that:

  1. its vertices are the right cosets HgHg of HH in GG;
  2. for each vertex HgHg and each s∈Ss \in S, there is one edge with label ss from HgHg to HgsHgs.

Remarks

The rule is well defined: if Hg=Hg′Hg = Hg', then g′=hgg' = hg for some h∈Hh \in H, so Hg′s=Hhgs=HgsHg's = Hhgs = Hgs. The number of vertices is the index of HH in GG, and every vertex has exactly one outgoing edge with each label. If SS generates GG, the graph is connected. For H={1}H = \set{1} it is the Cayley graph of GG with respect to SS.

Example: let G=ℤG = \Z, H=3ℤH = 3\Z and S={1}S = \set{1}. The vertices are 3ℤ3\Z, 1+3ℤ1 + 3\Z and 2+3ℤ2 + 3\Z, and the edges go 3ℤ→1+3ℤ→2+3ℤ→3ℤ3\Z \to 1 + 3\Z \to 2 + 3\Z \to 3\Z, since adding 11 moves each coset to the next one. The graph is a directed cycle of length 33.

Non-example: the rule with left cosets gHgH and edges gH→gsHgH \to gsH is not well defined in general. In S3S_3, with composition from right to left, take H={1,(1 2)}H = \set{1, (1\,2)} and s=(2 3)s = (2\,3). Then 1⋅H=(1 2)H1 \cdot H = (1\,2) H, but (2 3)H={(2 3),(1 3 2)}(2\,3) H = \set{(2\,3), (1\,3\,2)} and (1 2)(2 3)H=(1 2 3)H={(1 2 3),(1 3)}(1\,2)(2\,3) H = (1\,2\,3) H = \set{(1\,2\,3), (1\,3)} are different cosets.

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  1. Directed graph concept
  2. Group concept
  3. Right coset concept
  4. Subgroup concept
  5. Schreier coset graph definition

Further reading

  1. Web https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schreier_coset_graph
About this page
TagX1PQ8J2R10
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Kinddefinition
WritingW0 stub
MSC20F65, 05C25
DefinesSchreier coset graph
UsesGroup, Subgroup, Right coset, Directed graph
Changed2 November 2026

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