Math 2.0

Mechanics of particles and systems Foundations of particle mechanics Concept

Galilean invariance

Builds on Galilean transformationInertial frame of reference

Summary

Galilean invariance is the principle that the laws of motion have the same form in every inertial frame. Mathematically, the set of solutions of the equations of motion is preserved by each Galilean transformation. Newton's equations for isolated systems have this property when the forces depend only on relative positions and velocities. The forces must also turn along with the system under rotations. Through Noether's theorem, this symmetry is linked to conservation laws. These are energy, momentum and angular momentum, and the uniform motion of the centre of mass.

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Euclidean space, object, no evidence levelEuclidean spaceobjectOrdinary differential equation, concept, no evidence levelOrdinary differential…conceptClassical mechanics, concept, no evidence levelClassical mechanicsconceptInertial frame of reference, concept, no evidence levelInertial frame of ref…conceptGalilean transformation, concept, no evidence levelGalilean transformati…conceptGalilean invariance, concept, no evidence levelGalilean invarianceconcept
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  1. Euclidean space object
  2. Ordinary differential equation concept
  3. Classical mechanics concept
  4. Inertial frame of reference concept
  5. Galilean transformation concept
  6. Galilean invariance concept

Further reading

  1. Web https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galilean_invariance
About this page
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MSC70A05, 70G65
UsesGalilean transformation, Inertial frame of reference
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Changed3 November 2026

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