Mechanics of particles and systems Foundations of particle mechanics Concept
Classical mechanics
Summary
Classical mechanics is the theory of the motion of bodies under forces, in the form that Newton gave it. In its simplest model, a system is a finite set of point particles with masses and positions in Euclidean space. Its motion solves a system of second-order ordinary differential equations. It describes motion well at speeds small compared with the speed of light and at scales large compared with atoms. Much of the theory of differential equations, the calculus of variations and symplectic geometry grew out of it.
Reading path
To understand this page from the ground up, read these 3 pages in order. The foundations come first.
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- no evidence level
- Euclidean space object
- Ordinary differential equation concept
- Classical mechanics concept
Where this leads
193 pages build on this one.
- Inelastic collision
- Emden–Chandrasekhar equation
- Newton's law of universal gravitation
- Sundman's convergent series for the three-body problem
- Momentum
- Physical oceanography
- Lorentz transformation
- Chandrasekhar's white dwarf equation
- Jeans's theorem
- Routhian mechanics
- Coefficient of restitution
- Dedekind ellipsoid
- Hydrostatic equilibrium
- Tidal force
- Friction
- Relativistic angular momentum
- Molecular dynamics
- Magnetic braking
- Coriolis force
- Virial theorem
- Tests of general relativity
- Milankovitch cycles
- Angular momentum
- Stellar structure
- Thermal wind
- Modified Newtonian dynamics
- Kelvin–Helmholtz mechanism
- Atmospheric dynamics
- Hohmann transfer orbit
- Central configuration
- Lense–Thirring precession
- Galilean transformation
- Schwarzschild criterion for convection
- Galilean transformation
- Virial mass
- von Zeipel theorem
- Norton's dome
- Jacobi integral
- Laplace–Runge–Lenz vector
- Galaxy rotation curve
- Jacobi metric
- Celestial mechanics
- Weak gravitational lensing
- Kepler's equation
- Bi-elliptic transfer
- Galilean invariance
- Kinematics
- Hertz's principle of least curvature
- Byerlee's law
- Ekman spiral
- Planetary migration
- Mass–luminosity relation
- Central force
- Accretion disk
- Conservation of energy
- Tennis racket theorem
- Poynting–Robertson effect
- Einstein–Infeld–Hoffmann equations
- Lagrange's equations of motion
- Lens equation
- Lagrange top
- Kinetic energy
- Taylor's constraint
- Two-body problem
- Ledoux criterion
- Impulse
- Orbital mechanics
- Bonnor–Ebert mass
- Rotating reference frame
- Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff limit
- Post-Newtonian expansion
- Cyclic coordinate
- Adams–Williamson equation
- Kovalevskaya top
- Tisserand's parameter
- Polytrope
- Projectile motion
- Gravitational microlensing
- Plummer model
- Painlevé paradox
- Tsiolkovsky rocket equation
- Hayashi track
- Euler top
- Stellar pulsation
- Euler's three-body problem
- Figure-eight solution of the three-body problem
- Singular isothermal sphere
- Conservation of angular momentum
- Parker solar wind model
- Hadley cell and Held–Hou model
- Tippe top
- Impulse
- Elsasser number
- Anderson's theory of faulting
- Rotating reference frame
- Clohessy–Wiltshire equations
- Inverse problem for Lagrangian mechanics
- Escape velocity
- Lagrange–Dirichlet stability theorem
- Chandrasekhar limit
- Hamilton's principal function
- Tidal acceleration
- Gravitational deflection of light
- Binet equation
- Fictitious force
- Maclaurin spheroid
- Galilean invariance
- Inertial frame of reference
- Chaplygin sleigh
- Jacobi integral
- Newton's laws of motion
- Goryachev–Chaplygin top
- Kepler's laws of planetary motion
- Dynamical friction
- Mixing length theory
- Kepler's equation
- Modal analysis
- Lagrangian mechanics
- Kepler orbit
- Foucault pendulum
- Euler force
- Elastic collision
- Binet equation
- Hill sphere
- Spherical astronomy
- Euler's equations of rigid body motion
- Lagrange multipliers for constraints
- Roche limit
- Coriolis force
- Polhode
- Principle of relativity
- Stommel's model of western intensification
- Inertial frame of reference
- Angular momentum operator
- Baroclinic instability
- Mechanical similarity
- Rayleigh's principle for natural frequencies
- Schönberg–Chandrasekhar limit
- Geopotential
- N-body simulation
- Celestial mechanics
- Vogt–Russell theorem
- Eddington luminosity
- Hill sphere
- Barnes–Hut simulation
- Vis-viva equation
- Euler's laws of motion
- Poinsot's ellipsoid
- Work–energy theorem
- Stellar dynamics
- Rigid body dynamics
- Kinematics
- Conservation of momentum
- Variable-mass system
- Parker instability
- Cauchy momentum equation
- Bertrand's theorem
- F-plane
- Einstein radius
- Sitnikov problem
- Separation of variables in the Hamilton–Jacobi equation
- Sverdrup balance
- Mechanical similarity
- Tidal locking
- Free-fall time
- Jacobi ellipsoid
- Lagrange points
- Two-body relaxation time
- Small oscillations about equilibrium
- Munk's wind-driven circulation model
- Parker spiral
- Normal mode
- Centrifugal force
- Atwood machine
- Rayleigh dissipation function
- Beta plane
- Newtonian limit
- Strong gravitational lensing
- Laplace–Runge–Lenz vector
- Reduced mass
- Einstein ring
- Cauchy's stress theorem
- Circular restricted three-body problem
- Newton's theorem of revolving orbits
- Gradient wind
- Statics
- Euler free nutation
- Bullen parameter
- Goldreich–Tremaine theory of disk–satellite interaction
- Relativistic mechanics
- Roche lobe
- Laplace tidal equations
- Fictitious force
Further reading
About this page
| Tag | 68W1NWECX8 |
|---|---|
| URI | m2://68W1NWECX8 |
| Kind | concept |
| Writing | W0 stub |
| MSC | 70A05, 70F10 |
| Uses | Euclidean space, Ordinary differential equation |
| Same as | |
| Changed | 3 November 2026 |
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Used by
- Momentum
- Friction
- Kinematics
- Kinetic energy
- Inertial frame of reference
- Newton's laws of motion
- Inertial frame of reference
- Kinematics
- Relativistic mechanics