Math 2.0

Topological groups, Lie groups Definition

Weyl group of a compact Lie group

Builds on Compact Lie groupMaximal torusNormaliserQuotient group

Definition

Let GG be a connected compact Lie group and let TT be a maximal torus of GG. Let NG(T)={g∈G:gTg−1=T}N_G(T) = \set{g \in G : gTg^{-1} = T} be the normaliser of TT. The Weyl group of GG with respect to TT is the quotient group W=W(G,T)=NG(T)/T.W = W(G, T) = N_G(T)/T. It acts on TT by (nT)⋅t=ntn−1(nT) \cdot t = ntn^{-1} for n∈NG(T)n \in N_G(T) and t∈Tt \in T.

Remarks

Example: for G=SU(2)G = SU(2) and T={diag⁡(z,zˉ):∣z∣=1}T = \set{\operatorname{diag}(z, \bar{z}) : \abs{z} = 1}, the normaliser is T∪wTT \cup wT with w=(0−110)w = \begin{pmatrix} 0 & -1 \\ 1 & 0 \end{pmatrix}. Indeed wdiag⁡(z,zˉ)w−1=diag⁡(zˉ,z)w \operatorname{diag}(z, \bar z) w^{-1} = \operatorname{diag}(\bar z, z), so w∈NG(T)w \in N_G(T), and WW has order 22, acting on TT by z↦zˉz \mapsto \bar z. Non-example: for the abelian group G=𝕋nG = \mathbb{T}^n, the maximal torus is GG itself, NG(T)=TN_G(T) = T, and WW is trivial; so WW does not detect anything in the abelian case. The group WW is finite, and it acts faithfully on TT. Up to isomorphism it does not depend on TT, since all maximal tori are conjugate. It is isomorphic to the Weyl group of the root system of GG, the group generated by the reflections in the roots.

Reading path

To understand this page from the ground up, read these 5 pages in order. The foundations come first.

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Each page uses the pages above it. The colour of the bar on a box shows how strong the evidence is, and the box also gives it as text. The list has the same pages.
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  1. Compact Lie group concept
  2. Maximal torus concept
  3. Normaliser concept
  4. Quotient group concept
  5. Weyl group of a compact Lie group definition

Further reading

  1. Web https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weyl_group
About this page
Tag363770WNM2
URIm2://363770WNM2
Kinddefinition
WritingW0 stub
MSC22E15, 22C05
DefinesWeyl group of a compact Lie group
UsesCompact Lie group, Maximal torus, Normaliser, Quotient group
Changed2 November 2026

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