Math 2.0

Probability theory and stochastic processes Definition

Feller process

Builds on Stochastic processMarkov propertySemigroupBanach space

Definition

Let EE be a locally compact Hausdorff space with a countable base. Let C0(E)C_0(E) be the Banach space of continuous functions f ⁣:E→ℝf \colon E \to \R that vanish at infinity, with the sup norm. A Feller semigroup on C0(E)C_0(E) is a family (Tt)t≥0(T_t)_{t \ge 0} of linear maps Tt ⁣:C0(E)→C0(E)T_t \colon C_0(E) \to C_0(E) such that:

  1. if f∈C0(E)f \in C_0(E) and 0≤f≤10 \le f \le 1, then 0≤Ttf≤10 \le T_t f \le 1;
  2. T0=id⁡T_0 = \id and Ts+t=TsTtT_{s+t} = T_s T_t for all s,t≥0s, t \ge 0;
  3. ∥Ttf−f∥→0\norm{T_t f - f} \to 0 as t↓0t \downarrow 0, for every f∈C0(E)f \in C_0(E).

Let (Xt)t≥0(X_t)_{t \ge 0} be a time-homogeneous Markov process in EE, and let 𝔼x\mathbb{E}_x be the expectation for the process started at xx. The process is a Feller process if the formula Ttf(x)=𝔼x[f(Xt)]T_t f(x) = \mathbb{E}_x[f(X_t)] defines a Feller semigroup.

Remarks

Example: Brownian motion on ℝ\R is a Feller process. Here Ttf(x)=∫f(y)12πte−(y−x)2/(2t) dyT_t f(x) = \int f(y) \frac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi t}} e^{-(y - x)^2/(2t)}\, dy; this is in C0(ℝ)C_0(\R) when ff is, it preserves 0≤f≤10 \le f \le 1, and it tends to ff uniformly because ff is uniformly continuous. Non-example: on E=ℝE = \R, let the process started at xx jump at once to 00 if x>0x > 0 and to 11 if x≤0x \le 0, then stay there. Then Ttf=f(0)T_t f = f(0) on (0,∞)(0, \infty) and Ttf=f(1)T_t f = f(1) on (−∞,0](-\infty, 0], which is not continuous in xx, so TtT_t does not map C0(E)C_0(E) into itself. Clause 1 allows Tt1<1T_t 1 < 1, so the process may be killed; one then adds a cemetery point to EE. Every Feller process has a modification with right-continuous paths with left limits, and that modification is strong Markov.

Reading path

To understand this page from the ground up, read these 43 pages in order. The foundations come first.

  1. Banach space concept
  2. Construction of the reals from Cauchy sequences concept
  3. Element definition
  4. Integers object
  5. Markov property concept
  6. Ordered field definition
  7. Proposition concept
  8. Random experiment concept
  9. Rational numbers object
  10. Real numbers object
  11. Semigroup concept
  12. Set definition
  13. Ring of integers statement
  14. Disjunction definition
  15. Implication definition
  16. Predicate definition
  17. Ordered pair definition
  18. Union definition
  19. Sample space definition
  20. Existential quantifier definition
  21. Universal quantifier definition
  22. The rationals form a field statement
  23. Cartesian product definition
  24. Subset definition
  25. Uniqueness quantifier definition
  26. The rationals form an ordered field statement
  27. Binary relation definition
  28. Universal set definition
  29. Power set definition
  30. Order on the reals definition
  31. Function definition
  32. Complement definition
  33. Interval definition
  34. Preimage of a set definition
  35. Sigma-algebra definition
  36. Event definition
  37. Borel sigma-algebra definition
  38. Probability axioms concept
  39. Probability measure definition
  40. Probability space definition
  41. Random variable definition
  42. Stochastic process concept
  43. Feller process definition

Further reading

  1. Web https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feller_process
About this page
TagZRC17G6GYS
URIm2://ZRC17G6GYS
Kinddefinition
WritingW0 stub
MSC60J25, 60J35, 47D07
DefinesFeller process
UsesStochastic process, Markov property, Semigroup, Banach space
Changed2 November 2026

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