Math 2.0

Functions of a complex variable Definition

Landau's constants

Builds on Holomorphic functionUnit discInjective functionUnivalent function

Definition

Let 𝔻\mathbb{D} be the unit disc, and let ℱ\mathcal{F} be the set of holomorphic functions f ⁣:𝔻→ℂf \colon \mathbb{D} \to \C with f′(0)=1f'(0) = 1. For f∈ℱf \in \mathcal{F}:

  1. LfL_f is the supremum of the radii rr such that f(𝔻)f(\mathbb{D}) contains an open disc of radius rr.
  2. BfB_f is the supremum of the radii rr of the open discs f(Ω)f(\Omega), where Ω⊆𝔻\Omega \subseteq \mathbb{D} is open and ff is injective on Ω\Omega.

Landau's constants are the three numbers B=inf⁡f∈ℱBf,L=inf⁡f∈ℱLf,A=inf⁡{Lf:f∈ℱ, f injective}.B = \inf_{f \in \mathcal{F}} B_f, \qquad L = \inf_{f \in \mathcal{F}} L_f, \qquad A = \inf \set{L_f : f \in \mathcal{F},\ f \text{ injective}}. The number BB is the Bloch constant, LL is the Landau constant, and AA is the univalent Landau constant.

Remarks

Since a disc covered injectively is a disc contained in the image, Bf≤LfB_f \le L_f for all ff, so B≤LB \le L. The infimum AA is taken over a smaller set of functions than LL, so L≤AL \le A. Example: for f(z)=zf(z) = z, the image is 𝔻\mathbb{D}, so Lf=Bf=1L_f = B_f = 1. For an injective f∈ℱf \in \mathcal{F}, the Koebe quarter theorem gives a disc of radius 1/41/4 in the image, so A≥1/4A \ge 1/4. Non-example: f(z)=2zf(z) = 2z is not in ℱ\mathcal{F}, because f′(0)=2f'(0) = 2; without the normalisation the infimum would be 00, as f(z)=εzf(z) = \varepsilon z shows. Bloch's theorem is the statement B>0B > 0.

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Complex numbers, object, no evidence levelComplex numbersobjectElement, definition, no evidence levelElementdefinitionProposition, concept, no evidence levelPropositionconceptReal numbers, object, no evidence levelReal numbersobjectSet bounded above, definition, no evidence levelSet bounded abovedefinitionUnit disc, object, no evidence levelUnit discobjectUnivalent function, concept, no evidence levelUnivalent functionconceptReal and imaginary parts, definition, no evidence levelReal and imaginary pa…definitionSet, definition, no evidence levelSetdefinitionImplication, definition, no evidence levelImplicationdefinitionPredicate, definition, no evidence levelPredicatedefinitionSupremum, definition, no evidence levelSupremumdefinitionOrdered pair, definition, no evidence levelOrdered pairdefinitionExistential quantifier, definition, no evidence levelExistential quantifierdefinitionUniversal quantifier, definition, no evidence levelUniversal quantifierdefinitionCompleteness axiom, statement, no evidence levelCompleteness axiomstatementCartesian product, definition, no evidence levelCartesian productdefinitionSubset, definition, no evidence levelSubsetdefinitionUniqueness quantifier, definition, no evidence levelUniqueness quantifierdefinitionExistence of square roots of nonnegative reals, statement, no evidence levelExistence of square r…statementBinary relation, definition, no evidence levelBinary relationdefinitionSquare root, definition, no evidence levelSquare rootdefinitionModulus of a complex number, definition, no evidence levelModulus of a complex …definitionFunction, definition, no evidence levelFunctiondefinitionComplex differentiability, definition, no evidence levelComplex differentiabi…definitionInjective function, definition, no evidence levelInjective functiondefinitionHolomorphic function, definition, no evidence levelHolomorphic functiondefinitionLandau's constants, definition, no evidence levelLandau's constantsdefinition
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  1. Complex numbers object
  2. Element definition
  3. Proposition concept
  4. Real numbers object
  5. Set bounded above definition
  6. Unit disc object
  7. Univalent function concept
  8. Real and imaginary parts definition
  9. Set definition
  10. Implication definition
  11. Predicate definition
  12. Supremum definition
  13. Ordered pair definition
  14. Existential quantifier definition
  15. Universal quantifier definition
  16. Completeness axiom statement
  17. Cartesian product definition
  18. Subset definition
  19. Uniqueness quantifier definition
  20. Existence of square roots of nonnegative reals statement
  21. Binary relation definition
  22. Square root definition
  23. Modulus of a complex number definition
  24. Function definition
  25. Complex differentiability definition
  26. Injective function definition
  27. Holomorphic function definition
  28. Landau's constants definition

Further reading

  1. Web https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloch%27s_theorem_(complex_analysis)
About this page
TagBTJR5NZPE3
URIm2://BTJR5NZPE3
Kinddefinition
WritingW0 stub
MSC30C25, 30D20
DefinesLandau's constants
UsesHolomorphic function, Unit disc, Injective function, Univalent function
Changed2 November 2026

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