Concepts

A mathematical idea. It can have more than one definition.

Ideas 5851–6000 of 7386.

Name	Kind	Subject
Gelfand–Levitan theory	Concept	Ordinary differential equations
Oriented matroid	Concept	Convex and discrete geometry
Bose–Einstein statistics	Concept	Statistical mechanics, structure of matter
Dispersion relation	Concept	Optics, electromagnetic theory
Contractible space	Concept	Algebraic topology
Hecke character	Concept	Number theory
Dual pair	Concept	Functional analysis
Fixed point	Concept	Dynamical systems and ergodic theory
Unimodular matrix	Concept	Linear and multilinear algebra; matrix theory
Phase diagram	Concept	Classical thermodynamics, heat transfer
Seeley–DeWitt coefficients	Concept	Global analysis, analysis on manifolds
Clifford–Klein form	Concept	Manifolds and cell complexes
Initial algebra	Concept	Category theory; homological algebra
Bending of plates	Concept	Mechanics of deformable solids
Kernel approximation in reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces	Concept	Functional analysis
Vertex of a polytope	Concept	Convex and discrete geometry
Abelian variety	Concept	Algebraic geometry
Willmore energy	Concept	Differential geometry
Convex hull algorithms	Concept	Computer science
Self-similar measure	Concept	Measure and integration
Apparent magnitude	Concept	Astronomy and astrophysics
Hilbert manifold	Concept	Global analysis, analysis on manifolds
Fourier–Stieltjes algebra	Concept	Abstract harmonic analysis
Cauchy surface	Concept	Differential geometry
Zolotarev polynomials	Concept	Approximations and expansions
Weierstrass excess function	Concept	Calculus of variations and optimal control; optimization
Univalent function	Concept	Functions of a complex variable
Water waves	Concept	Fluid mechanics
Reference ellipsoid	Concept	Geophysics
Isometry of Riemannian manifolds	Concept	Differential geometry
One-way function	Concept	Information and communication theory, circuits
Topological monoid	Concept	Topological groups, Lie groups
Width of a poset	Concept	Order, lattices, ordered algebraic structures
Alphabet	Concept	Computer science
Hamiltonian of an optimal control problem	Concept	Calculus of variations and optimal control; optimization
Minimal sufficient statistic	Concept	Statistics
Monad in nonstandard topology	Concept	General topology
Lp multiplier	Concept	Harmonic analysis on Euclidean spaces
Nonlinear programming	Concept	Operations research, mathematical programming
Almost everywhere	Concept	Measure and integration
Self-similar process	Concept	Probability theory and stochastic processes
Reduced K-theory of a space	Concept	Algebraic topology
Huber loss	Concept	Statistics
Gibbs free energy	Concept	Classical thermodynamics, heat transfer
Projective Hilbert space	Concept	Quantum theory
Celestial mechanics	Concept	Mechanics of particles and systems
Tissot's indicatrix	Concept	Geophysics
Semilinear PDE	Concept	Partial differential equations
Anosov diffeomorphism	Concept	Dynamical systems and ergodic theory
Order topology	Concept	General topology
Post algebra	Concept	Order, lattices, ordered algebraic structures
Morita equivalence	Concept	Associative rings and algebras
T-duality	Concept	Quantum theory
Way-below relation	Concept	Order, lattices, ordered algebraic structures
Cohomology ring	Concept	Algebraic topology
Indirect method by shooting	Concept	Calculus of variations and optimal control; optimization
Quiver	Concept	Associative rings and algebras
Contravariant functor	Concept	Category theory; homological algebra
Stress–energy tensor	Concept	Relativity and gravitational theory
Congruence lattice	Concept	General algebraic systems
Secret sharing	Concept	Information and communication theory, circuits
McEliece cryptosystem	Concept	Information and communication theory, circuits
Weyl quantization	Concept	Quantum theory
Steady-state heat conduction	Concept	Classical thermodynamics, heat transfer
Compact-open topology	Concept	General topology
Stieltjes transform	Concept	Integral transforms, operational calculus
Strong dual space	Concept	Functional analysis
Perfect Bayesian equilibrium	Concept	Game theory, economics, finance, and other social and behavioral sciences
Gauss–Legendre quadrature	Concept	Numerical analysis
Order embedding	Concept	Order, lattices, ordered algebraic structures
Butcher tableau	Concept	Numerical analysis
Structural rigidity	Concept	Convex and discrete geometry
Nontangential limit	Concept	Potential theory
Right ascension	Concept	Astronomy and astrophysics
Parabolic and hyperbolic Riemann surfaces	Concept	Functions of a complex variable
Exponential object	Concept	Category theory; homological algebra
Integral of a Hopf algebra	Concept	Associative rings and algebras
Risk aversion	Concept	Game theory, economics, finance, and other social and behavioral sciences
Unification	Concept	Computer science
Underactuated system	Concept	Mechanics of particles and systems
Damping	Concept	Mechanics of particles and systems
Functional equations on groups	Concept	Difference and functional equations
Vector optimization	Concept	Operations research, mathematical programming
Convective heat transfer	Concept	Classical thermodynamics, heat transfer
Fourier–Legendre series	Concept	Harmonic analysis on Euclidean spaces
Attainable null space	Concept	Functional analysis
Phylogenetic tree	Concept	Biology and other natural sciences
Noncentral chi-squared distribution	Concept	Statistics
Representation ring	Concept	K-theory
Complete elliptic integral of the first kind	Concept	Special functions
Turing pattern	Concept	Partial differential equations
Wave function collapse	Concept	Quantum theory
Hilbert polynomial	Concept	Commutative algebra
Linear temporal logic	Concept	Mathematical logic and foundations
Saturated model	Concept	Mathematical logic and foundations
Character of a representation	Concept	Group theory and generalizations
Biological neuron model	Concept	Biology and other natural sciences
Bartle–Dunford–Schwartz integral	Concept	Functional analysis
Semicontinuity	Concept	General topology
Kan extension	Concept	Category theory; homological algebra
Euler characteristic	Concept	Algebraic topology
Hyperoval	Concept	Geometry
Geodesics in general relativity	Concept	Relativity and gravitational theory
Brunn–Minkowski theory	Concept	Convex and discrete geometry
Leslie matrix	Concept	Biology and other natural sciences
Strictly singular operator	Concept	Operator theory
Henselian ring	Concept	Commutative algebra
Climate sensitivity	Concept	Geophysics
Bitonic sorter	Concept	Computer science
Orbifold	Concept	Manifolds and cell complexes
Homomorphic encryption	Concept	Information and communication theory, circuits
Constant-mean-curvature surface	Concept	Differential geometry
c-cyclical monotonicity	Concept	Calculus of variations and optimal control; optimization
Kardar–Parisi–Zhang equation	Concept	Probability theory and stochastic processes
Volterra series	Concept	Systems theory; control
Dodgson condensation	Concept	Linear and multilinear algebra; matrix theory
Archimedean equivalence classes	Concept	Order, lattices, ordered algebraic structures
Quasicrystal	Concept	Convex and discrete geometry
Stable vector bundle	Concept	Algebraic geometry
Injective tensor product	Concept	Functional analysis
Askey scheme	Concept	Special functions
Stiff equation	Concept	Numerical analysis
Normal coordinates	Concept	Differential geometry
Ample line bundle	Concept	Algebraic geometry
Symmetric and self-reciprocal kernels	Concept	Integral transforms, operational calculus
Riemann's differential equation	Concept	Special functions
Eilenberg swindle	Concept	Associative rings and algebras
Askey–Wilson polynomials	Concept	Special functions
Spin structure	Concept	Differential geometry
Dissipative system	Concept	Systems theory; control
Stochastic game	Concept	Game theory, economics, finance, and other social and behavioral sciences
Associator	Concept	Nonassociative rings and algebras
Sheaf on a site	Concept	Category theory; homological algebra
Set theory	Concept	Mathematical logic and foundations
Floating-point arithmetic	Concept	Numerical analysis
Mesh generation	Concept	Numerical analysis
Nerve of a category	Concept	Category theory; homological algebra
BCJR algorithm	Concept	Information and communication theory, circuits
Natural density	Concept	Number theory
Embedded prime	Concept	Commutative algebra
Infinite Galois theory	Concept	Field theory and polynomials
Epimorphism	Concept	Category theory; homological algebra
Euler equations	Concept	Partial differential equations
Jordan–Dedekind chain condition	Concept	Order, lattices, ordered algebraic structures
Group action on a variety	Concept	Algebraic geometry
Four-dimensional variational assimilation	Concept	Geophysics
Singular simplicial set	Concept	Algebraic topology
Regulator of a number field	Concept	Number theory
Church–Turing thesis	Concept	Mathematical logic and foundations
Random ordinary differential equation	Concept	Ordinary differential equations