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Mathematical logic and foundations Definition

Regular cardinal

Builds on Cardinal numberCofinality

Definition

Let κ\kappa be an infinite cardinal, identified with the least ordinal of its cardinality. The cardinal κ\kappa is regular if its cofinality is κ\kappa, that is, cf⁡(κ)=κ\operatorname{cf}(\kappa) = \kappa. It is singular if cf⁡(κ)<κ\operatorname{cf}(\kappa) < \kappa.

Remarks

Example: in ZFC, every infinite successor cardinal κ+\kappa^+ is regular. Check: if κ+\kappa^+ were the union of fewer than κ+\kappa^+ sets each of size less than κ+\kappa^+, it would have size at most κ⋅κ=κ\kappa \cdot \kappa = \kappa, using the axiom of choice. Non-example: ℵω\aleph_\omega is singular, since {ℵn:n<ω}\set{\aleph_n : n < \omega} is a cofinal subset of order type ω\omega. Equivalently, in ZFC, κ\kappa is regular if and only if it is not the union of fewer than κ\kappa sets each of cardinality less than κ\kappa. ℵ0\aleph_0 is regular, and a limit cardinal ℵλ\aleph_\lambda with λ\lambda a limit ordinal has cofinality cf⁡(λ)\operatorname{cf}(\lambda). A regular uncountable limit cardinal is called weakly inaccessible; its existence cannot be proved in ZFC, if ZFC is consistent.

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To understand this page from the ground up, read these 31 pages in order. The foundations come first.

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Element, definition, no evidence levelElementdefinitionProposition, concept, no evidence levelPropositionconceptSet, definition, no evidence levelSetdefinitionImplication, definition, no evidence levelImplicationdefinitionPredicate, definition, no evidence levelPredicatedefinitionOrdered pair, definition, no evidence levelOrdered pairdefinitionExistential quantifier, definition, no evidence levelExistential quantifierdefinitionUniversal quantifier, definition, no evidence levelUniversal quantifierdefinitionCartesian product, definition, no evidence levelCartesian productdefinitionSubset, definition, no evidence levelSubsetdefinitionUniqueness quantifier, definition, no evidence levelUniqueness quantifierdefinitionBinary relation, definition, no evidence levelBinary relationdefinitionAntisymmetric relation, definition, no evidence levelAntisymmetric relationdefinitionReflexive relation, definition, no evidence levelReflexive relationdefinitionTransitive relation, definition, no evidence levelTransitive relationdefinitionFunction, definition, no evidence levelFunctiondefinitionPreorder, definition, no evidence levelPreorderdefinitionCodomain, definition, no evidence levelCodomaindefinitionInjective function, definition, no evidence levelInjective functiondefinitionPartial order, definition, no evidence levelPartial orderdefinitionSurjective function, definition, no evidence levelSurjective functiondefinitionLeast element, definition, no evidence levelLeast elementdefinitionTotal order, definition, no evidence levelTotal orderdefinitionBijective function, definition, no evidence levelBijective functiondefinitionWell-order, definition, no evidence levelWell-orderdefinitionEquinumerous sets, definition, no evidence levelEquinumerous setsdefinitionOrdinal number, definition, no evidence levelOrdinal numberdefinitionCardinality, definition, no evidence levelCardinalitydefinitionCardinal number, definition, no evidence levelCardinal numberdefinitionCofinality, definition, no evidence levelCofinalitydefinitionRegular cardinal, definition, no evidence levelRegular cardinaldefinition
Each page uses the pages above it. The colour of the bar on a box shows how strong the evidence is, and the box also gives it as text. The list has the same pages.
  • no evidence level
  1. Element definition
  2. Proposition concept
  3. Set definition
  4. Implication definition
  5. Predicate definition
  6. Ordered pair definition
  7. Existential quantifier definition
  8. Universal quantifier definition
  9. Cartesian product definition
  10. Subset definition
  11. Uniqueness quantifier definition
  12. Binary relation definition
  13. Antisymmetric relation definition
  14. Reflexive relation definition
  15. Transitive relation definition
  16. Function definition
  17. Preorder definition
  18. Codomain definition
  19. Injective function definition
  20. Partial order definition
  21. Surjective function definition
  22. Least element definition
  23. Total order definition
  24. Bijective function definition
  25. Well-order definition
  26. Equinumerous sets definition
  27. Ordinal number definition
  28. Cardinality definition
  29. Cardinal number definition
  30. Cofinality definition
  31. Regular cardinal definition

Where this leads

5 pages build on this one.

Further reading

  1. Web https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_cardinal
About this page
TagZCE333FAWC
URIm2://ZCE333FAWC
Kinddefinition
WritingW0 stub
MSC03E10, 03E04
DefinesRegular cardinal
UsesCardinal number, Cofinality
Changed2 November 2026

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