Math 2.0

Statements

A theorem, a lemma, a proposition, a corollary, a fact or an axiom.

Ideas 451–600 of 1926.

NameKindSubject
A set is closed iff it equals its closureCorollaryGeneral topology
Integration by substitutionTheoremReal functions
Consecutive Fibonacci numbers are coprimeTheoremNumber theory
Rouché's theoremTheoremFunctions of a complex variable
A continuous injective function on an interval is strictly monotoneTheoremReal functions
Polynomial ring over a UFD is a UFDTheoremCommutative algebra
Zero is not a successorAxiomMathematical logic and foundations
The exponential function is convexPropositionReal functions
Variance of a sumPropositionProbability theory and stochastic processes
Limits are unique in Hausdorff spacesPropositionGeneral topology
Uniqueness of inversesPropositionGroup theory and generalizations
Mean of the geometric distributionPropositionProbability theory and stochastic processes
Matrix of the adjoint is the conjugate transposePropositionLinear and multilinear algebra; matrix theory
Strong law of large numbersTheoremProbability theory and stochastic processes
Finite extensions are algebraicPropositionField theory and polynomials
Commutativity of additionTheoremMathematical logic and foundations
Cauchy's integral formulaTheoremFunctions of a complex variable
Spectral theorem for Hermitian matricesTheoremLinear and multilinear algebra; matrix theory
Order of a permutation is the lcm of its cycle lengthsPropositionGroup theory and generalizations
Estimation lemmaLemmaFunctions of a complex variable
Cosets have the same cardinality as the subgroupPropositionGroup theory and generalizations
Basel problemTheoremSequences, series, summability
K[x] is a Euclidean domainTheoremCommutative algebra
Universal property of the polynomial ringTheoremCommutative algebra
Bézout's identityTheoremNumber theory
Inequality of arithmetic and geometric meansTheoremReal functions
The rationals are countableTheoremMathematical logic and foundations
Stone's representation theorem for finite Boolean algebrasTheoremOrder, lattices, ordered algebraic structures
Irrationality of the square root of 2TheoremNumber theory
Number of nth roots of unityTheoremNumber theory
Jordan–Hölder theoremTheoremGroup theory and generalizations
Primitive root theoremTheoremNumber theory
Orbit-stabiliser theoremTheoremGroup theory and generalizations
Dimension of the orthogonal complementCorollaryLinear and multilinear algebra; matrix theory
Law of total probabilityTheoremProbability theory and stochastic processes
Convergents converge to the numberTheoremNumber theory
Fermat's Last Theorem for n = 4TheoremNumber theory
Riemann rearrangement theoremTheoremSequences, series, summability
Exponential of a sumTheoremSpecial functions
Harmonic series divergesTheoremSequences, series, summability
Chain rule in several variablesTheoremReal functions
A composite number has a prime factor at most its square rootPropositionNumber theory
A finite integral domain is a fieldTheoremCommutative algebra
The multiplicative group of a finite field is cyclicCorollaryField theory and polynomials
Existence of the infimumTheoremReal functions
Neyman–Pearson lemmaLemmaStatistics
Rule of sumTheoremCombinatorics
Boole's inequalityTheoremProbability theory and stochastic processes
Prime number theoremTheoremNumber theory
Liouville's theoremTheoremFunctions of a complex variable
Binomial theoremTheoremCombinatorics
Universal property of the abelianisationTheoremGroup theory and generalizations
Epsilon-delta continuity in metric spacesPropositionGeneral topology
Existence of nontrivial solutions of Pell's equationTheoremNumber theory
Inverse in terms of the adjugateCorollaryLinear and multilinear algebra; matrix theory
Continuous image of a connected set is connectedPropositionGeneral topology
Convergence in probability implies convergence in distributionTheoremProbability theory and stochastic processes
Central limit theoremTheoremProbability theory and stochastic processes
QR decompositionTheoremLinear and multilinear algebra; matrix theory
Divisibility by 9PropositionNumber theory
Existence of an algebraic closureTheoremField theory and polynomials
Gershgorin circle theoremTheoremLinear and multilinear algebra; matrix theory
Poincaré–Bendixson theoremTheoremOrdinary differential equations
Impossibility of trisecting the angleTheoremField theory and polynomials
The exponential function is its own derivativeTheoremSpecial functions
Cantor's intersection theoremTheoremGeneral topology
Cauchy's integral formula for derivativesTheoremFunctions of a complex variable
Prime elements are irreducible in an integral domainPropositionCommutative algebra
Superposition principlePropositionOrdinary differential equations
Bounded linear maps are continuousTheoremOperator theory
Derivative vanishes at a local extremumTheoremReal functions
Divergence of a curl is zeroPropositionReal functions
g to the n equals 1 iff the order divides nPropositionGroup theory and generalizations
Cayley–Hamilton theoremTheoremLinear and multilinear algebra; matrix theory
Closed subsets of complete spaces are completePropositionGeneral topology
The gamma function extends the factorialTheoremSpecial functions
A subgroup whose index is the smallest prime divisor of the order is normalTheoremGroup theory and generalizations
e as the limit of (1 + 1/n)^nPropositionReal functions
Universal property of the quotient topologyTheoremGeneral topology
Inclusion–exclusion principleTheoremCombinatorics
The reals form a fieldTheoremField theory and polynomials
Characterization of bridgesTheoremCombinatorics
Epsilon-delta uniform continuityPropositionGeneral topology
Chromatic number of a complete bipartite graphPropositionCombinatorics
Bertrand's postulateTheoremNumber theory
Triangle inequality for normsPropositionFunctional analysis
Simultaneous diagonalisationTheoremLinear and multilinear algebra; matrix theory
Monotone convergence theorem for sequencesTheoremSequences, series, summability
Burnside's p^a q^b theoremTheoremGroup theory and generalizations
Chinese remainder theoremTheoremNumber theory
Lévy's continuity theoremTheoremProbability theory and stochastic processes
Inverse of a complex numberPropositionField theory and polynomials
Comparison test for improper integralsTheoremSequences, series, summability
Heron's formulaTheoremGeometry
The complex numbers form a fieldTheoremField theory and polynomials
Trace is a coefficient of the characteristic polynomialPropositionLinear and multilinear algebra; matrix theory
Infinite pigeonhole principleTheoremCombinatorics
Determinant of a matrix with a zero rowPropositionLinear and multilinear algebra; matrix theory
Bertrand's ballot theoremTheoremCombinatorics
Reversing a path changes the sign of a line integralPropositionReal functions
Multiplicativity of the totient functionTheoremNumber theory
Second derivative testPropositionReal functions
Transcendence of piTheoremNumber theory
Sylvester's determinant theoremTheoremLinear and multilinear algebra; matrix theory
The complex exponential is entirePropositionSpecial functions
Continuous dependence on initial dataTheoremOrdinary differential equations
Automorphism group of a cyclic groupTheoremGroup theory and generalizations
Derivative of the inverse functionPropositionReal functions
Cauchy sequences are boundedPropositionSequences, series, summability
Uniqueness of the complete ordered fieldTheoremField theory and polynomials
Inscribed angle theoremTheoremGeometry
Derivative of arcsinePropositionSpecial functions
Epsilon-delta definition of a limitPropositionReal functions
Induction from an arbitrary base caseTheoremMathematical logic and foundations
General solution of an inhomogeneous linear equationTheoremOrdinary differential equations
Universal property of the quotient groupTheoremGroup theory and generalizations
Cancellation in an integral domainPropositionCommutative algebra
Trace is linearPropositionLinear and multilinear algebra; matrix theory
Addition formulas for hyperbolic functionsPropositionSpecial functions
Solution space of a homogeneous linear equation has dimension nTheoremOrdinary differential equations
Absolute value is multiplicativePropositionReal functions
Nilpotent groups are solvablePropositionGroup theory and generalizations
Dirichlet's theorem on arithmetic progressionsTheoremNumber theory
Cardinality of the power setPropositionMathematical logic and foundations
The medians meet at the centroidTheoremGeometry
Quotient of continuous functions is continuousPropositionReal functions
Angles in the same segment are equalCorollaryGeometry
Thales's theoremTheoremGeometry
Cavalieri's principleTheoremMeasure and integration
Bijection principleTheoremCombinatorics
Fundamental theorem of symmetric polynomialsTheoremCombinatorics
Integral of sinePropositionReal functions
Units of Z/nZ are the residues coprime to nPropositionNumber theory
Second derivative test in several variablesTheoremCalculus of variations and optimal control; optimization
Divergence theorem on a rectangle in the planePropositionReal functions
The order of a finite field is a prime powerTheoremField theory and polynomials
Taylor's theorem with the Lagrange remainderTheoremApproximations and expansions
Changing the order of integrationPropositionReal functions
Product of power seriesTheoremCommutative algebra
Every finite tree with at least two vertices has a leafLemmaCombinatorics
Rule of SarrusPropositionLinear and multilinear algebra; matrix theory
Interior is the largest open subsetPropositionGeneral topology
Induction on the integersTheoremNumber theory
Union of open sets is openPropositionGeneral topology
Russell's paradoxTheoremMathematical logic and foundations
Pigeonhole principleTheoremCombinatorics
Solutions for distinct real rootsTheoremOrdinary differential equations
Second isomorphism theorem for ringsTheoremAssociative rings and algebras
A sequence converges iff its liminf and limsup agreePropositionSequences, series, summability
Eigenvectors with distinct eigenvalues are linearly independentTheoremLinear and multilinear algebra; matrix theory