Every idea

Ideas 16501–16650 of 19838.

Name	Kind	Subject
First class constraint	Concept	Mechanics of particles and systems
Non-atomic measure	Concept	Measure and integration
Trigonometric interpolation	Concept	Harmonic analysis on Euclidean spaces
Isomonodromic deformation	Definition	Ordinary differential equations
Homogeneous and inhomogeneous linear recurrences	Definition	Difference and functional equations
Arrow–Debreu model	Concept	Game theory, economics, finance, and other social and behavioral sciences
Kummer–Artin–Schreier–Witt theory	Definition	Field theory and polynomials
Congruence subgroup problem	Problem	K-theory
System F	Concept	Mathematical logic and foundations
Hadwiger covering conjecture	Conjecture	Convex and discrete geometry
Cyclic redundancy check	Concept	Information and communication theory, circuits
Pairwise summation	Theorem	Numerical analysis
Large sieve	Definition	Number theory
Costate equation	Definition	Calculus of variations and optimal control; optimization
Valuation	Definition	Field theory and polynomials
Lindelöf space	Concept	General topology
Electromagnetic scattering	Definition	Optics, electromagnetic theory
Control-Lyapunov function	Definition	Systems theory; control
Thermal conduction	Concept	Classical thermodynamics, heat transfer
Strict partial order	Definition	Order, lattices, ordered algebraic structures
Linearly disjoint extensions	Definition	Field theory and polynomials
Deformation theory	Concept	Algebraic geometry
Burkholder–Davis–Gundy inequality	Theorem	Probability theory and stochastic processes
Rational point	Concept	Algebraic geometry
Crossing number	Concept	Manifolds and cell complexes
Pinsker's inequality	Theorem	Information and communication theory, circuits
Increasing and decreasing function on an open interval	Concept	Real functions
Jeans instability in an expanding universe	Theorem	Astronomy and astrophysics
Universal covering group	Concept	Topological groups, Lie groups
Functor of points	Concept	Algebraic geometry
Tjurina number	Concept	Several complex variables and analytic spaces
Unique games conjecture	Conjecture	Computer science
Ergosphere	Concept	Relativity and gravitational theory
Rapidity	Definition	Relativity and gravitational theory
Elasticity tensor	Concept	Mechanics of deformable solids
Alexander–Spanier cohomology	Definition	Algebraic topology
Doob–Meyer decomposition theorem	Theorem	Probability theory and stochastic processes
Cartan–Eilenberg resolution	Concept	Category theory; homological algebra
Boltzmann distribution	Definition	Statistical mechanics, structure of matter
Determinantal ideal	Concept	Commutative algebra
Spherical model	Example	Statistical mechanics, structure of matter
Secretary problem	Problem	Probability theory and stochastic processes
Geodesic deviation equation	Theorem	Relativity and gravitational theory
Electric potential	Definition	Optics, electromagnetic theory
Carter constant	Definition	Relativity and gravitational theory
Beilinson regulator	Concept	K-theory
Holonomy groupoid of a foliation	Definition	Manifolds and cell complexes
Resolvent as Laplace transform of a semigroup	Theorem	Operator theory
Spherical trigonometry	Concept	Geometry
Sequential probability ratio test	Concept	Statistics
Newton polytope	Definition	Algebraic geometry
Minkowski addition	Concept	Convex and discrete geometry
Combustion theory	Concept	Classical thermodynamics, heat transfer
K1 of a ring	Concept	K-theory
Stokes drift	Concept	Fluid mechanics
Commutativity of convolution	Proposition	Integral transforms, operational calculus
Universal enveloping algebra	Definition	Nonassociative rings and algebras
Irreducible component	Concept	Algebraic geometry
Quillen adjunction	Concept	Category theory; homological algebra
List scheduling and Graham's bound	Theorem	Operations research, mathematical programming
Kelly criterion	Proposition	Game theory, economics, finance, and other social and behavioral sciences
Falkner–Skan boundary layer	Example	Fluid mechanics
Banach limit	Concept	Sequences, series, summability
Carathéodory metric	Concept	Several complex variables and analytic spaces
Decay of the Fourier transform of surface measure	Theorem	Harmonic analysis on Euclidean spaces
Euler characteristic	Definition	Algebraic topology
Matroid rank	Concept	Combinatorics
Stagnation pressure	Concept	Fluid mechanics
Bogomolov–Miyaoka–Yau inequality	Theorem	Algebraic geometry
Dual matroid	Definition	Combinatorics
Lusternik–Schnirelmann theorem	Theorem	Algebraic topology
Second sound	Concept	Fluid mechanics
Lie group method for PDEs	Definition	Partial differential equations
Kantorovich–Rubinstein duality	Theorem	Calculus of variations and optimal control; optimization
Heat capacity	Concept	Classical thermodynamics, heat transfer
Manifold with corners	Concept	Global analysis, analysis on manifolds
Caloric function	Definition	Partial differential equations
Press–Schechter formalism	Concept	Astronomy and astrophysics
Vaidya metric	Example	Relativity and gravitational theory
Hodgkin–Huxley model	Definition	Biology and other natural sciences
Hadamard's example of ill-posedness	Counterexample	Partial differential equations
Gaussian quadrature	Definition	Numerical analysis
Cross-validation	Definition	Statistics
Szegő's theorem	Theorem	Harmonic analysis on Euclidean spaces
Semiorder	Definition	Order, lattices, ordered algebraic structures
Bounded poset	Definition	Order, lattices, ordered algebraic structures
Nonlinear optics	Concept	Optics, electromagnetic theory
Fundamental domain of the modular group	Example	Number theory
Reduced ring	Concept	Commutative algebra
Admissible representation	Concept	Topological groups, Lie groups
Second quantization	Concept	Quantum theory
Time complexity	Concept	Computer science
Ordinary point and singular point	Definition	Ordinary differential equations
Fourier–Legendre series	Definition	Harmonic analysis on Euclidean spaces
Simpson's paradox	Counterexample	Statistics
Watterson estimator	Definition	Statistics
Permutohedron	Example	Convex and discrete geometry
Kinematics	Concept	Mechanics of particles and systems
Complemented lattice	Definition	Order, lattices, ordered algebraic structures
Morphism of finite type	Definition	Algebraic geometry
Frölicher space	Concept	Global analysis, analysis on manifolds
Equivalent definition with relaxed axioms	Proposition
Moving least squares	Concept	Numerical analysis
Fermi acceleration	Concept	Astronomy and astrophysics
Contact mechanics	Concept	Mechanics of deformable solids
Nonlinear optics	Definition	Optics, electromagnetic theory
Akivis algebra	Concept	Nonassociative rings and algebras
Subalgebra lattice	Concept	General algebraic systems
Divide and choose	Concept	Game theory, economics, finance, and other social and behavioral sciences
Action	Concept	Mechanics of particles and systems
Dupuit–Forchheimer assumption	Definition	Fluid mechanics
Minakshisundaram–Pleijel zeta function	Concept	Global analysis, analysis on manifolds
Second law of thermodynamics	Fact	Classical thermodynamics, heat transfer
Liouville's theorem for planar harmonic functions	Theorem	Potential theory
Band matrix	Definition	Linear and multilinear algebra; matrix theory
Positive current	Definition	Several complex variables and analytic spaces
Holomorphic map between Riemann surfaces	Concept	Functions of a complex variable
Incentive compatibility	Concept	Game theory, economics, finance, and other social and behavioral sciences
Competitive exclusion principle	Theorem	Biology and other natural sciences
Hilbert's sixth problem and the hydrodynamic limit	Problem	Statistical mechanics, structure of matter
Liénard–Chipart criterion	Theorem	Real functions
Mathieu groups	Object	Group theory and generalizations
Borel–Moore homology	Concept	Algebraic topology
Elastodynamics	Concept	Mechanics of deformable solids
Compositum of fields	Concept	Field theory and polynomials
Conservation of momentum	Theorem	Mechanics of particles and systems
Partial autocorrelation function	Definition	Statistics
Spectral element method	Concept	Numerical analysis
Local truncation error	Concept	Numerical analysis
Associative quotient of a magma	Concept	Group theory and generalizations
Phase velocity	Definition	Optics, electromagnetic theory
Resolvent equation for kernels	Proposition	Integral equations
Berkovich space	Concept	Algebraic geometry
Gauss's law for potentials	Theorem	Potential theory
Maximal compact subgroup	Concept	Topological groups, Lie groups
Commutator of a ring	Concept	Nonassociative rings and algebras
Mean curvature	Definition	Differential geometry
Fatou–Bieberbach domain	Example	Several complex variables and analytic spaces
Chua's circuit	Example	Information and communication theory, circuits
Triangulated category	Concept	Category theory; homological algebra
Topological vector space	Concept	Functional analysis
Jukes–Cantor model	Definition	Biology and other natural sciences
Rate of convergence	Definition	Sequences, series, summability
Dimension of a polynomial ring	Theorem	Commutative algebra
Pseudo-spectral method	Definition	Numerical analysis
Young's modulus	Definition	Mechanics of deformable solids
Isomorphism of topological groups	Concept	Topological groups, Lie groups
Sylvester–Gallai theorem	Theorem	Convex and discrete geometry
Reidemeister's theorem	Theorem	Manifolds and cell complexes
Quintessence	Definition	Relativity and gravitational theory